cisco router 3825 manual

4(16)MR1, the Cisco 3825 router supports the following MIB: CISCO-IP-RAN-BACKHAUL-MIB This MIB is compatible with Cisco Mobile Wireless Transport Manager (MWTM) 5.0 or later. It provides information on the optimization on the optimization of the following traffic types: GSM—providing information between a BTS and the corresponding BSC. Provided only to maintain compatibility.) Overloaded utilization threshold (Obsolete. Any attempt to perform OIR on a card in a powered up router might cause damage to the card. Any attempt to perform OIR on a card Caution in a powered up router might cause damage to the card. The Cisco NM-2W network interface module only is only supported on the Cisco 3825 router on Note shorthaul with or without Inverse Multiplexing over ATM (IMA). If time slots are defined, the PWE3 circuit is circuit emulation service over packet-switched network (CESoPSN). Cisco 3825 Mobile Wireless Edge Router Software Configuration Guide 1-14 Chapter 1. The list of time slots may include commas and hyphens with no spaces between the numbers, commas, and hyphens. It also enhances resilience of CE devices to the effects of loss of packets in the PSN. Cisco 3825 Mobile Wireless Edge Router Software Configuration Guide 1-16 Chapter 1. Cell packing can be configured with a parameter of a maximum number of cells and a parameter of cell packing timer. For a configuration example, see the Appendix B. Cisco 3825 Mobile Wireless Edge Router Software Configuration Guide 1-22 Chapter 1 Overview of the Cisco 3825 Mobile Wireless Edge Router “Asymmetric PWE3 Configuration”. This feature can be configured in the following two ways: VLAN Mode A VLAN is a switched network that is logically segmented by functions, project teams, or applications regardless of the physical location of users. The QoS on the Cisco 3825 router does not differentiate between signaling and voice traffic, which means the packets will drop randomly.

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We have 6 Cisco 3825 Series manuals available for free PDF download: Software Configuration Manual, Quick Start Manual, Non Proprietary Security Policy, Installation And Upgrades. The Cisco implementation of TCP header compression is an adaptation of a program developed by the University of California, Berkeley (UCB) as part of UCB’s public domain version of the UNIX operating system. OL-15667-03 Date Change Summary Provided the following information for Cisco IOS 12.4(19)MR):. Edge Router Cisco IOS Software Basics Describes what you need to know about the Cisco IOS software. Note OL-15667-03 Cisco 3825 Mobile Wireless Edge Router Software Configuration Guide. The Cisco 3825 router offers high performance at a low cost while meeting the critical requirements for deployment in cell sites, including small size, high availability, and DC input power flexibility. The pair of routers provides an active router and a standby router for redundancy. A failure of the active router causes the standby router to take over as the active router for the BTS site. Figure 1-2 Example of Cisco 3825 Router in a GSM Abis and UMTS Iub Optimization over IP GSM BTS IP-PBX. Cisco 3825 Mobile Wireless Edge Router Software Configuration Guide Chapter 1 Overview of the Cisco 3825 Mobile Wireless Edge Router. This version of the software is required for implementing the Cisco 3825 router in a Radio Access Network-Optimization (RAN-O) configuration. Software features for the RAN-O Implementation The software required for implementing the Cisco 3825 router consists the Cisco IOS software running on the MIPs-based portion of the Cisco 3825 router hardware. If you choose to use the Cisco 3825 router in a non-redundant configuration, you must close the relays Note on the card using the standalone subcommand. Also, redundancy parameters are processed when the router is booted up. With Cisco IOS Release 12.

You might also need to enter other configuration commands, depending on the requirements for your system configuration and the protocols you plan to route on the interface. Complete the following configuration tasks for a multilink backhaul interface. The recommended PFC and ACFC handling in the Cisco 3825 router is: acfc local request, acfc remote Note apply, pfc local request, and pfc remote apply. You might also need to enter other configuration commands, depending on the requirements for your system configuration and the protocols you plan to route on the interface. So, the interface card is located in physical slot HWIC1. As a result, the. For example, the following command enables the AIM for ATM card interface in physical slot 1 of the. For instance, if the NodeB has defined a PVC with CBR, the PVC on the Cisco 3825 router should use the same CBR definitions. However, additional controls are needed for the Cisco 3825 router. In a redundant configuration, the router must track the status of the health and revertive loopback interfaces as well as the backhaul and shorthaul interfaces. You might also need to enter other configuration commands, depending on the requirements for your system configuration and the protocols you plan to route on the interface. In redundant configurations, the Cisco 3825 router uses HSRP to control the active and standby routers. Note To use HSRP, you must configure the standby priority attributes and the IP address of the virtual router. This is an integer from 1 to 254. The default is 3 seconds. If the msec option is specified, hello interval is in milliseconds. This is an integer from 15 to 999. Note When you use the Cisco 3825 router in a RAN-O solution, you must configure the GE interface to track the multilink interface and the loopback interface.You can, however, use the Cisco 3825 as a standalone device.The no form of this command removes the specified community string.

Dropping signaling traffic could have much more severe results than voice traffic. MATCHING local PVC. OL-15667-03 C H A P T E R Chapter 3, “First-Time Cisco 3825 Mobile Wireless Edge Router Software Configuration Guide Chapter 3,. Cisco 3825 Mobile Wireless Edge Router Software Configuration Guide Table 2-1 lists the most common command modes. Proceed to Chapter 3, “First-Time Configuration,” Chapter 4, “Configuring the Cisco 3825 Mobile Wireless Edge Router in a RAN-O Solution with the Command-Line Interface,” OL-15667-03 for first time configuration. Otherwise, proceed to to begin configuring the router. Understanding the Cisco 3825 Router Interface Numbering Each network interface on a Cisco 3825 router is identified by a slot number, subslot number, and a port number. This password is encrypted (more secure) and cannot be seen when Step 4. Press RETURN to get started. OL-15667-03 Cisco 3825 Mobile Wireless Edge Router Software Configuration Guide Completing the Configuration. You must configure additional parameters by using the Cisco IOS software CLI as described in Chapter 4, “Configuring the Cisco 3825 Mobile Wireless Edge Router in a RAN-O Solution with the Command-Line Interface.” Cisco 3825 Mobile Wireless Edge Router Software Configuration Guide OL-15667-03. Cisco 3825 Mobile Wireless Edge Router Software Configuration Guide Configuring the Cisco 3825 Mobile Wireless Edge Router in a RAN-O Solution with the Command-Line Clock Source. The configuration sequence of the Cisco 3825 router for the RAN-O solution assumes that you will have already had some familiarity with the configuration of Cisco routers. It is also assumed that you are familiar with your own network configurations and that you are familiar with the CLI used in configuring Cisco routers. Enter your password. The Cisco 3825 router has an auto-negotiation feature that allows the router to negotiate the speed and duplex mode with the corresponding interface at the other end of the connection.

If the transmit jitter buffer shrinks, it means that the backhaul packets are not arriving fast enough to fill the transmit jitter buffer indicating congestion. Cisco 3825 Mobile Wireless Edge Router Software Configuration Guide 4-60 Configuring the Cisco 3825 Mobile Wireless Edge Router in a RAN-O Solution with the Command-Line OL-15667-03. MWTM should sync to the same NTP !server. This is important so OL-15667-03. This Network Management tool provides monitor- ing and management capabilities to the RAN-O solution. Description This command configures the local IP address for alternate backhaul. The switchover does not begin unless the Layer 2 Tunnel Protocol (L2TP) PW has been down for three seconds. After a switchover to the secondary VC occurs, there is no fallback to the primary until the primary VC has been reestablished and is up for ten seconds. The 32-bit identifier of the VC between the routers at each end of the layer control channel. This command was incorporated. To remove a CEM group and release the associated time slots, use the no form of this command. This command works in the same manner for CEM interfaces as pseudowire-class does for xconnect. Size can vary from 4 to 500 ms;. The abate detection level is defined as x milliseconds of continuous congestion abatement (that is, no congestion indications). These are the timeslots that contain signalling and control information exchanged between the BSC and Base Transceiver Station (BTS). The remote will suppress all timeslots that are not defined as critical in an effort to alleviate the congestion. This command is useful when the latency introduced by the characteristics of the backhaul network is excessive. Examples are the use of satellite transmission facilities or multiple router hops on the backhaul network. If the group does not exist when the command is issued, the command automatically creates the group.

Generation of PVC traps is dampened by the notification interval in order to prevent trap storms. OL-15667-03 Appendix A, “Cisco 3825 Mobile Wireless Edge Router. Note The Cisco 3825 router supports up to 12 ATM ports with the AIM-ATM-8 card installed in slot 0 and up to 8 ATM ports for AIM with the AIM-ATM-8 card installed in slot 1. For instance, if the NodeB has defined a PVC with CBR, the PVC on the Cisco 3825 router should use the same CBR definitions. For instance, if the NodeB has defined a PVC with CBR, the PVC on the Cisco 3825 router should use the same CBR definitions. Cisco 3825 Mobile Wireless Edge Router Software Configuration Guide 4-44 Configuring the Cisco 3825 Mobile Wireless Edge Router in a RAN-O Solution with the Command-Line OL-15667-03. For instance, if the NodeB has defined a PVC with CBR, the PVC on the Cisco 3825 router should use the same CBR definitions. Cisco 3825 Mobile Wireless Edge Router Software Configuration Guide 4-46 Configuring the Cisco 3825 Mobile Wireless Edge Router in a RAN-O Solution with the Command-Line “Permanent Virtual Circuit (PVC) Routing” section Appendix A, “Cisco 3825 Mobile Wireless Edge for detailed command information). For instance, if the NodeB has defined a PVC with CBR, the PVC on the Cisco 3825 router should use the same CBR definitions. Cisco 3825 Mobile Wireless Edge Router Software Configuration Guide 4-54 Configuring the Cisco 3825 Mobile Wireless Edge Router in a RAN-O Solution with the Command-Line “Creating a Class Map” section on page 4-47 for more OL-15667-03. Cisco 3825 Mobile Wireless Edge Router Software Configuration Guide 4-56 Configuring the Cisco 3825 Mobile Wireless Edge Router in a RAN-O Solution with the Command-Line OL-15667-03. For instance, if the NodeB has defined a PVC with CBR, the PVC on the Cisco 3825 router should use the same CBR definitions.

Cisco 3825 Mobile Wireless Edge Router Software Configuration Guide standby use-interface A-121. This command is used when you want to off load PVC traffic from a physical ATM shorthaul to an alternate backhaul. To restore the default values, use the no form of this command. Cisco 3825 Mobile Wireless Edge Router Software Configuration Guide A-134 Appendix A. The current versions of RAN-O deployment will include faster backhaul interfaces such as Fast Ethernet (FE) and Gigabit Ethernet (GE). OL-15667-03 A P P E N D I X Cisco 3825 Mobile Wireless Edge Router Software Configuration Guide. Important Notices and Privacy Statement.By transparently integrating advanced technologies, adaptive services, and secure enterprise communications into a single, resilient system; the Cisco 3800 Series routers ease deployment and management, lower network cost and complexity, and provide unmatched investment protection. The Cisco 3800 Series routers feature embedded security processing, significant performance and memory enhancements, and new high-density interfaces that deliver the performance, availability, and reliability required for scaling mission-critical security, IP telephony, business video, network analysis, and Web applications in the most demanding enterprise environments.The Cisco 3800 Series supports the bandwidth requirements for multiple Fast Ethernet interfaces per slot, time-division multiplexing (TDM) interconnections, and fully integrated power distribution to modules supporting 802.3af Power over Ethernet (PoE), while still supporting the existing portfolio of modular interfaces. This ensures continuing investment protection to accommodate network expansion or changes in technology as new services and applications are deployed. By integrating the functions of multiple separate devices into a single compact unit, the Cisco 3800 Series dramatically reduces the cost and complexity of managing remote networks.Table 2.

Features of Cisco 3825 and Cisco 3845Table 3 gives the specifications of the Cisco 3825 and the Cisco 3845.Alarm Monitoring and Control Network Modules and Accessories. VWIC-1MFT-T1 1-port RJ-48 multiflex trunk—T1. The Cisco 2800 Series has been orderable since September, 2004, with first customer shipments in October, 2004. All rights reserved. Configuring a Cisco 1841 Router. Cisco Integrated Services Routers: Cisco 860, 880, 890, 1800 (fixed), 1800 ( modular), 1900, 2800. 2900. Cisco 1800 Series (Cisco 1841 Router Modular). 13 Jul 2014. I originally found this article on the Internet when I was googling for configuration examples. It s the config I used and works great, however. Cisco 1841 router belongs to the cisco 1800 series integrated services routers. Cisco system are the best ones for small to medium sized business routing with a. 14 Dec 2005. This security policy describes how the Cisco 1841 and Cisco 2801.Reload to refresh your session. Reload to refresh your session. Important Notices and Privacy Statement.By transparently integrating advanced technologies, adaptive services, and secure enterprise comm u nications int o a single, resilient system; th e Cisco 3800 Series routers ease deplo ym ent and managem ent, lower network cost and complexity, and provide unmatched investment protection. The Cisco 3 800 Series ro uters feature embedded security processing, significa nt performance and me mory enhancements, and new high-density interfaces that deliver the performance, av ailabil ity, and reliability required for scaling mission-critical security, IP telephon y, business video, network analysis, and Web applications in the most demanding enterprise environments. The Cisco 3 800 Series sup ports th e bandwidth requ irements for m ult iple Fast Ethernet interfaces per slot, time-division multiplexing (TDM) intercon nections, and fully integrated power distribution to modules sup porting 802.

You can use the ip protocol command only if you have already entered the encapsulation l2tpv3 command. Examples The following example shows how to configure l2tp as the IP protocol used to tunnel packets in an L2TPv3 PW created from the pseudowire-class named “l2tp”:. To disable RTP header compression, use the no form of this command. You must enable compression on both ends of a serial connection. Cisco 3825 Mobile Wireless Edge Router Software Configuration Guide A-42 Appendix A. The compression scheme is beneficial only when you have small payload sizes, as in audio traffic. Cisco 3825 Mobile Wireless Edge Router Software Configuration Guide A-44. This command includes an optional passive keyword. If you specify the passive keyword, outgoing TCP traffic is compressed only if incoming TCP traffic on the same interface is compressed. To disable a configured ToS value or IP ToS reflection, use the no form of this command. Specifies the amount of traffic that indicates the backhaul is overloaded. It is also used to assist the network management system in properly displaying the topology of the system. Support for utilization notification was removed. This command is supported to maintain compatibility. Cisco 3825 Mobile Wireless Edge Router Software Configuration Guide load-interval A-59. This command was incorporated. Description Indicates whether the Cisco 3825 router is being used as a standalone device and manually sets the relays. Designates a loopback interface as a health or revertive interface. Invokes redundancy mode. To disable this feature, use the no form of this command. This command was incorporated. Description Invokes y-cable mode. Indicates whether the Cisco 3825 router is being used as a standalone device and manually sets the relays. Designates a loopback interface as a health or revertive interfaces.To remove the sequencing configuration from the pseudowire-class, use the no form of this command.

Displays platform-specific error counters for all CEM circuits. Displays detailed information about all CEM circuits. Table 1 Field Name Segment 1 Segment 2 State or Status Related Commands Command connect (L2VPN local switching) show atm pvc. Modification This command was introduced. Add the include retransmit to see the repetitive sub-rate samples at a specific configuration level (100 ms to 5100 ms). Modification This command was introduced. Note This keyword is not supported on the Cisco 3825 router. Modification This command was introduced. The command output was modified to include information related to the Distributed Compressed Real-Time Transport Protocol (dCRTP) feature. The SSO portion indicates when checkpointing data has either been sent (on active) or received (on standby). This command was incorporated. This command was incorporated. Invokes redundancy mode. Specifies whether the Cisco 3825 router is used in a redundant or standalone configuration. Sets HSRP attributes. Specifies the interfaces to be used for health and revertive interfaces. Cisco 3825 Mobile Wireless Edge Router Software Configuration Guide. Cisco 3825 Mobile Wireless Edge Router Software Configuration Guide. Cisco 3825 Mobile Wireless Edge Router Software Configuration Guide A-106 Appendix A. Displays information about xconnect attachment circuits and PWs on the specified interface. You can use the show xconnect all command output to help determine the appropriate steps to troubleshoot an xconnect configuration problem. Support for utilization notification has been removed and the command is provided only to maintain compatibility. To use the router in a redundant configuration, use the no form of this command. Command Modes Y-cable configuration Command History Release 12.2(8)MC2. Invokes redundancy mode. Specifies whether the Cisco 3825 router is used in a redundant or stand-alone configuration.

3 af Power over Ethernet (P oE), while still sup porting th e existing portfolio o f modular interfaces. T hi s ensures continu ing investment protection to accomm od ate network expansion or changes in technology as new service s and applications are d eployed. By integrating the functions of multiple separate devices into a single compact unit, the Cisco 38 00 Series dramatically reduces the cost and complexity of managing rem ote networks. New m odels i nclude the Cisco 3825 and the Cisco 3845, available with three option al configurations for AC power, AC power with integrated inline po wer support, and DC power. Ask your question here. Provide a clear and comprehensive description of the issue and your question. The more detail you provide for your issue and question, the easier it will be for other Cisco 3825 owners to properly answer your question. Ask a question If I turn off the computer the calls go through with no problem. Can this be corrected or do I need to purchase another router? This manual comes under the category Routers and has been rated by 1 people with an average of a 7.6. This manual is available in the following languages: English. Do you have a question about the Cisco 3825 or do you need help. Ask your question here Cisco 3825 specifications Brand A router then distributes the Internet signal to the devices connected to the router.This radiation cannot damage cells and tissues and is therefore not harmful to human health.ManualSearcher.com ensures that you will find the manual you are looking for in no time. Our database contains more than 1 million PDF manuals from more than 10,000 brands. Every day we add the latest manuals so that you will always find the product you are looking for. It's very simple: just type the brand name and the type of product in the search bar and you can instantly view the manual of your choice online for free. ManualSearcher. com If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it.

Read more Ok. The manual contains all the information about the Cisco EPC3825 Router. We recommend you to keep the router's manual on your computer in order to have an easy access to, it in case of a problem with Internet connection. Connect multiple devices wirelessly with one Internet connection. Wireless Home Networking gives you a combined wireless router, wired Ethernet router and modem that connects you seamlessly to your Northwestel Internet service. If you use a separate modem connected to your Pulse TV Gateway, use the Enhanced Cable Modem information below. Note that we cannot support customer-provided routers, so if you require support, the Enhanced Wireless Router is recommended. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the e quipment is operated in a commercial environment. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate ra dio-frequen cy energy and, if not installed and used in accordanc e with the instruction manual, may cause harmful interference to radio communi cations. Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful inte rference, in which case users will be required to correct the interference at their own expense. The following information is for FCC compliance of Class B devices: The equipment described in this manual generates and may ra diate rad io-freque ncy energy. If it is not installed in accordance with Cisco’s installation instructions, it may cause interference with radio and television reception. This equipment has been tested and foun d to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device in accordance with the specifications in part 15 of the FCC rules. These sp ecifications are designed to provide reasonable protection against such interference in a residential installation. How ever, there is no guarantee that interference will not o ccur in a particular installation.

Modifying th e equipmen t without C isco’s writ ten authorizat ion may resul t in the equipmen t no longer complying wi th FCC requi rem ents for Class A or Class B digital devices. In that event, your right to use the equipment may be limit ed by FCC regulati ons, and you may be required to correct a ny interference to ra dio or televi sion communicati ons at your ow n expense. You can determine whether your equ ipment is causing interference by tu rning it off. If the interference stops, it was probab ly caused by the Cisco equipment or one of its peripheral devices.The Cisco implem entation of TCP header compr ession is an adap tation of a prog ram developed by the Universi ty of Califor nia, Berkeley ( UCB) as part of U CB’s public domain vers ion of the UNI X operating sys tem. All rights reserved.All other trademarks men tioned in this do cument or Website are the property of their respectiv e owners. All righ ts reserv ed. The table shows the docum ent revision numbe r for the ch ange, the d ate of the c hange, and a brief summary of t he chan ge. Note t hat not all Cisco docu ments us e a Docum ent Revision Histo ry table. Objectives This gu ide ex plains how to co nfigure features th at enab le th e Cisco 38 25 Mobile Wirele ss Edge Router to be implem ented in an IP Radio Access Network-Optimization (RAN-O) environment. Revision Date Change Su mmary OL-1 5667-03 August 14, 2008 Provided the following i nform ation f or Ci sco IO S 12.4 (19)M R): Descri bed use of the ima group-i d command, which the u ser can employ to conf igure the IMA Group ID on an IMA interf ace. OL-1 5667-02 Apr il 1, 2008 Intro duced t he fol lowing fea tures w ith C isco IOS 12.4( 16)MR2: K e ywo rd ignore- vpi-vci added to the xconne ct comma nd for n:1 VCC cell mode PW OL-1 5667-01 M arch 6, 2008 Initial re lease.

Chap ter T itle Description Chap ter 1 Ov ervie w of the Cisc o 3825 Mobile W ireless Edge R out er Describes t he purpose of the Cisco 3825 r outer and its unique sof tware feat ures. Chap ter 2 Cisc o IOS S oftware Basics Describes w hat you need to know about the Cisco IO S software. Chap ter 3 First-T ime Co nfi guration Describes ho w to use the setup command facil ity to configure basic a ttributes of yo ur rout er. Chap ter 4 Configuring t he Cisc o 3825 Mobile W ireless Edge Ro uter in a RAN- O Solution with the Comm and-Li ne In terface Describes how to use the Cisco IOS soft ware CL I to conf igure basic r outer f unctiona lity in a RAN-O en vi ronm ent. Appe ndix A Cisc o 3825 Mobile W ireless Edge Ro uter RAN-O Comm and Refere nce Provides infor mation ab out new and chang ed comman ds. Appe ndix B Conf iguration Ex ampl es Provides examples of configur ations. Conv ent ion Description boldface f o nt Comm ands and keywords. Y ou must selec t one.Notes contain helpful suggestions or refer ences to material not co vered in the manual. T imesaver Means t he de scri bed acti on s aves time. Y o u can sa ve ti me by perf ormi ng th e action descri be d in the paragr aph. Ti p Means the followin g information will help you solve a pr oblem. The tips in format ion migh t no t be troublesh ooting or even an a ction, but could be use ful i nformat ion, similar to a Timesav er. Cautio n Means re a d e r b e c a ref u l. In this situation, you might do someth ing that could result in equ ipment dam age or loss of da ta. Related Documentation The fo llowing list include s docum entati on relate d to your produ ct by imple mentati on. Conv enti on Descri pti on The Cisc o 3825 router offers high perf ormance at a low cost while meeting the critical requiremen ts for deplo yment in cell sites, incl uding small size, high a vailabilit y, and DC input po wer flexib ility.

The in terface between the BTS an d BSC in GSM and Code Th e interfa ce between the Node B and RNC in a UMTS system is called th e Iub interf ace (see Ap pendix B, “Configuration Examp les”, for sample conf igurations. RAN-Optimization Implementation In RAN-Optim ization (RAN- O), the Cisco 3825 router extends IP connec tivity to the cell site and BTS. Figure 1-1 shows an example of th e plac ement of and conne ction s for t he C isco 3825 r outer in RAN-O. Figur e 1 -1 Example o f Cisco 382 5 Router in a RAN-O The BTS site consists of a p air of Cisco 3825 rout ers. T he pai r of rout ers provid es an ac tive router and a stan dby rout er for redun dancy. A fail ure of the active router c auses th e sta ndby route r to t ake over as the acti ve router for the BTS si te. Each pa ir of Cisco 38 25 rout ers at the BTS s ite is i denti cal in hard ware config uration. The two r outers connec t to eac h other through th e Gigabit Ethern et (GE) interfac es. Cisco Abis and Iub Optimiza tion over IP Implementation One solution that mob ile wireless operators f ind of value is Cisco’ s ability to optimize RAN back haul eff ici ency (s ee Figur e 1-2 ). It will also allow a number of e xistin g trunks to be dec ommissione d, putting an end to thei r recurring costs.T he ope rator can rea llocat e this recovered bandw idth to carr y traffic from ot her radio s, such as UMTS Node Bs, GPRS, EDGE, 1xEV -DO, PWLAN s, and other da ta ov erlays. This capability reduces the d eployme nt and oper ating costs f or ne w tech nologies, since the ope rator a voids the up-fr ont and recur ring costs of suppleme nting backhaul ca pacity. It also acc elerat es time to revenue from depl oyments o f new radio tec hnologi es sin ce ther e is no nee d for the operat or to wait for add itional micro wav e license s or leased line s to be supplied. Complian ce with 3GPP2 and 3G PP R5 and R6 tran sport standa rds is anothe r appeali ng aspec t of Cisco’ s RAN-O soluti on.